Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer related death. Approximately 20% of patients with non-small cell lung cancr (NSCLC) are potentially curable with surgery (stage I –resectable stage IIIA), but about half of those die due to recurrent disease. Irresectable stage III NSCLC can be treated with concurrent or sequential chemoradiation. Immunotherapy is an important new asset in the therapeutic armamentarium of this disease. Despite intensive therapy, prognosis remains poor. Locoregional progression and certainly the occurrence of distant metastases remain a major issue. Therefore, further intensification of treatment may be required in these patients.